Overview

This page lists the Data Sets which have been used, to create the Climate Graphics analysis used on this website.

Table of Contents

    Data Set – Berkeley Earth

    Average GMST sea-land 90S – 90N, for every month from 1850 to 1900.
    I had to “re-baseline” the Monthly temperature values, so that the 1850-1900 temperatures averaged zero.

    2024: I needed to increase all the monthly values in the data set by: “0.316421667” … to get an 1850-1900 baseline of 0C – This is what I used in 2024

    2025: In Feb 2025, I now have the Berkeley Earth info for 2024 and 2025 (published by Berkeley Earth). Also Zeke said they improved their data for early years, so now need to adjust instead, by “0.309621667”
    Sanity checks: The 12-months in 2023 average : 1.5384 … and the 12-months in 2024 average: 1.6202 … which both match that reported in the news for the “Berkeley Earth” data set.

    • Data Source:
      • Go to: https://berkeleyearth.org/data/
      • Look at the section:
        • Global Monthly Averages (1850 – Recent)
        • Berkeley Earth combines our land data with a modified version of the HadSST ocean temperature data set. The result is a global average temperature data set.
        • Monthly Global Average Temperature (annual summary)
      • click on “Monthly Global Average Temperature (annual summary)”
        • Which takes you to:
        • https://berkeley-earth-temperature.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/Global/Land_and_Ocean_complete.txt
        • This actually has two data sets,
          • I used the top one: “Global Average Temperature Anomaly with Sea Ice Temperature Inferred from Air Temperatures”

    Data Set – NOAA

    Average GMST sea-land 90S – 90N, for every month from 1850 to 1900.
    This average temp, showed I needed to increase all the monthly values in the data set by: “0.483145162”
    … to get an 1850-1900 baseline of 0C
    Sanity check, The 12-months in 2023 average : 1.355638829 C … which matches that reported in the news for the “NOAA” data set.

    • Data Source:
    • Go to: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/land-based-station/noaa-global-temp
    • Click on: “ASCII Time Series”
    • Which is a link to:
    • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v5.1/access/timeseries/
    • … which is a list of files
    • … this includes a readme:
    • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v5.1/access/timeseries/00_Readme_timeseries.txt
    • Choose the dataset: “aravg.mon.land_ocean.90S.90N.v5.1.0.202312.asc”
      Which is the link:
    • From: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v5.1/access/timeseries/aravg.mon.land_ocean.90S.90N.v5.1.0.202312.asc
    • … This gives global land and ocean from 90S to 90N, between 1850 and 2023 … all the way through

    Data Set – HadCRUT

    Average GMST sea-land 90S – 90N, for every month from 1850 to 1900.
    This average temp, showed I needed to increase all the monthly values in the data set by: “0.358941667” … to get an 1850-1900 baseline of 0C

    • Data Source:
    • HadCRUT 5.0 data from: https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/temperature/
    • HadCRUT5 Analysis: version 5.0.2.0
    • … Choosing “GL” which is a link to:
    • https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/temperature/HadCRUT5.0Analysis_gl.txt

    Data Set – GISSTEMP

    Average GMST sea-land 90S – 90N, for every month from 1880 to 1900.
    This average temp, showed I needed to increase all the monthly values in the data set by: “1.165833333”
    … to get data set that is effectively in line with the 1850-1900 baseline of 0C

    Sanity check: yes, 12 months of 2023 now average 1.36C … which matches that reported in the news for GISSTEMP.

    • Data Source:
      • https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/
      • Tables of Global and Hemispheric Monthly Means and Zonal Annual Means Combined Land-Surface Air and Sea-Surface Water Temperature Anomalies (Land-Ocean Temperature Index, L-OTI)
      • The following are plain-text files in tabular format of temperature anomalies, i.e. deviations from the corresponding 1951-1980 means.
      • Global-mean monthly, seasonal, and annual means, 1880-present, updated through most recent month: TXT, CSV
      • Got the data from:
        • https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v4/GLB.Ts+dSST.csv
      • Regarding how to baseline this, so it can be used with the same 1850-1900 baseline:
      • From https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature
      • “NASA’s analysis generally matches independent analyses prepared by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and other research groups.
      • Overall, Earth was about 2.45 degrees Fahrenheit (or about 1.36 degrees Celsius) warmer in 2023 than in the late 19th-century (1850-1900) preindustrial average”
      • So GISSTEMP is saying that 2023 was 1.36C above 1850-1900 …
      • If I just take the average anomaly for the 12 months in the file: https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v4/GLB.Ts+dSST.csv
      • Then I get: 1.165833333C
      • … and they are saying that is above the 1850-1900 baseline … but they don’t have data for 1850-1879
      • … Still that means I just need to add: 0.194166667
      • … to each of the values
      • This now has the 1880-1920 baseline averaging: -0.071321138C

    Data Set – Copernicus

    Copernicus Data Analysis I have been using since mid 2024

    As per Copernicus 1850-1900 Baseline – Daily GMST Anomaly – I have written a very dull analysis of how I find the daily GMST Anomaly values using Copernicus data.

    This gives results that better align with monthly / yearly / special analysis, published by Copernicus themselves. My previous methodology could be up to 0.05C out for any individual day.

    Copernicus Data Analysis I was using in early 2024

    The https://climatereanalyzer.org website provides daily global surface temperature values, and also supplies a file, with the baseline (1850-1900) temperature for each day of the year.

    Sanity Check: The 12 months of 2023 give an anomaly of 1.48C which matches the (“2023 1.48°C warmer than the 1850-1900 pre-industrial level” reported here: https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2023). Also the Individual days: 17,18 November 2023 and 8,9,10,11 February 2024 are all above 2C anomaly.